华为云对象存储OBS管理对象元数据_云淘科技
使用场景
元数据（Metadata）为描述对象属性的信息，是一组名称值对，用作对象管理的一部分。
当前仅支持系统定义的元数据。
系统定义的元数据又分为两种类别：系统控制和用户控制。如Last-Modified日期等数据由系统控制，不可修改；如为对象配置的ContentLanguage，用户可以通过接口进行修改。用户可控制修改的元数据描述如下：
|
名称 |
说明 |
|---|---|
|
ContentDisposition |
为请求的对象提供一个默认的文件名赋值给该对象，当下载对象或者访问对象时，以默认文件名命名的文件将直接在浏览器上显示或在访问时弹出文件下载对话框。 例如：元数据名称选择为“ContentDisposition”，元数据值填写为“attachment;filename=”testfile.xls””，当通过链接访问设置了该元数据的对象时，会直接弹出一个对象下载的对话框，且对象名称会被修改为“testfile.xls”。 详情请参见HTTP协议中关于ContentDisposition的定义。 |
|
ContentLanguage |
说明访问者希望采用的语言或语言组合，以根据自己偏好的语言来定制。详情请参见HTTP协议中关于ContentLanguage的定义。 |
|
WebsiteRedirectLocation |
为对象提供重定向功能，重定向到其他对象或者外部的URL。重定向功能通过静态网站托管实现。 例如，可根据如下步骤实现对象重定向功能。 为桶“testbucket”根目录下的对象“testobject.html”设置元数据，元数据名称选择为“WebsiteRedirectLocation”，元数据值填写为“http://www.example.com” 说明： OBS仅支持为桶根目录下的对象设置重定向，不支持为桶中文件夹下的对象设置重定向。 在桶“testbucket”中配置静态网站托管，将该桶中的对象“testobject.html”设置为静态网站托管的“默认首页”。 |
|
ContentEncoding |
指定对象被下载时的内容编码格式，可以设置如下类型： 标准定义：compress、deflate、exi、identity、gzip、pack200-gzip |
|
CacheControl |
指定对象被下载时的网页的缓存行为。 可缓冲性：public、private、no-cache、only-if-cached |
|
Expires |
设置缓存过期时间（GMT）。 |
|
ContentType |
设置对象的文件类型。 详情请参见对象元数据Content-Type介绍。 |
当桶开启多版本控制时，最新版本的对象支持设置元数据，历史版本的对象不支持设置元数据。
对于存储类别为归档存储或深度归档存储的对象，不能对其设置对象的元数据。
对象元数据Content-Type介绍
使用控制台和工具上传到OBS中的对象，会根据对象的文件扩展名，自动匹配Content-Type值。使用浏览器访问对象时，会根据Content-Type类型来指定应用程序来打开。您可以根据对象的文件扩展来修改Content-Type。
调用API上传对象时，不会自动匹配Content-Type值，需要指定Content-Type值。
|
文件扩展名 |
Content-Type |
文件扩展名 |
Content-Type |
|---|---|---|---|
|
.*（二进制流，不知道下载文件类型） |
application/octet-stream |
.7z |
application/x-7z-compressed |
|
.001 |
application/x-001 |
.301 |
application/x-301 |
|
.323 |
text/h323 |
.906 |
application/x-906 |
|
.907 |
drawing/907 |
.a11 |
application/x-a11 |
|
.acp |
audio/x-mei-aac |
.ai |
application/postscript |
|
.aif |
audio/aiff |
.aifc |
audio/aiff |
|
.aiff |
audio/aiff |
.anv |
application/x-anv |
|
.asa |
text/asa |
.asf |
video/x-ms-asf |
|
.asp |
text/asp |
.asx |
video/x-ms-asf |
|
.au |
audio/basic |
.avi |
video/avi |
|
.awf |
application/vnd.adobe.workflow |
.biz |
text/xml |
|
.bmp |
application/x-bmp |
.bot |
application/x-bot |
|
.c4t |
application/x-c4t |
.c90 |
application/x-c90 |
|
.cal |
application/x-cals |
.cat |
application/vnd.ms-pki.seccat |
|
.cdf |
application/x-netcdf |
.cdr |
application/x-cdr |
|
.cel |
application/x-cel |
.cer |
application/x-x509-ca-cert |
|
.cg4 |
application/x-g4 |
.cgm |
application/x-cgm |
|
.cit |
application/x-cit |
.class |
java/* |
|
.cml |
text/xml |
.cmp |
application/x-cmp |
|
.cmx |
application/x-cmx |
.cot |
application/x-cot |
|
.crl |
application/pkix-crl |
.crt |
application/x-x509-ca-cert |
|
.csi |
application/x-csi |
.css |
text/css |
|
.cut |
application/x-cut |
.dbf |
application/x-dbf |
|
.dbm |
application/x-dbm |
.dbx |
application/x-dbx |
|
.dcd |
text/xml |
.dcx |
application/x-dcx |
|
.der |
application/x-x509-ca-cert |
.dgn |
application/x-dgn |
|
.dib |
application/x-dib |
.dll |
application/x-msdownload |
|
.doc |
application/msword |
.docx |
application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document |
|
.drw |
application/x-drw |
.dot |
application/msword |
|
.dwf |
Model/vnd.dwf |
.dtd |
text/xml |
|
.dwg |
application/x-dwg |
.dwf |
application/x-dwf |
|
.dxf |
application/x-dxf |
.dxb |
application/x-dxb |
|
.emf |
application/x-emf |
.edn |
application/vnd.adobe.edn |
|
.ent |
text/xml |
.eml |
message/rfc822 |
|
.eps |
application/x-ps |
.epi |
application/x-epi |
|
.etd |
application/x-ebx |
.eps |
application/postscript |
|
.fax |
image/fax |
.exe |
application/x-msdownload |
|
.fif |
application/fractals |
.fdf |
application/vnd.fdf |
|
.frm |
application/x-frm |
.fo |
text/xml |
|
.gbr |
application/x-gbr |
.g4 |
application/x-g4 |
|
.gif |
image/gif |
. |
application/x- |
|
.gp4 |
application/x-gp4 |
.gl2 |
application/x-gl2 |
|
.hmr |
application/x-hmr |
.hgl |
application/x-hgl |
|
.hpl |
application/x-hpl |
.hpg |
application/x-hpgl |
|
.hrf |
application/x-hrf |
.hqx |
application/mac-binhex40 |
|
.htc |
text/x-component |
.hta |
application/hta |
|
.html |
text/html |
.htm |
text/html |
|
.htx |
text/html |
.htt |
text/webviewhtml |
|
.ico |
image/x-icon |
.icb |
application/x-icb |
|
.iff |
application/x-iff |
.ico |
application/x-ico |
|
.igs |
application/x-igs |
.ig4 |
application/x-g4 |
|
.img |
application/x-img |
.iii |
application/x-iphone |
|
.isp |
application/x-internet-signup |
.ins |
application/x-internet-signup |
|
.java |
java/* |
.IVF |
video/x-ivf |
|
.jpe |
image/jpeg |
.jfif |
image/jpeg |
|
.jpeg |
image/jpeg |
.jpe |
application/x-jpe |
|
.jpg |
application/x-jpg |
.jpg |
image/jpeg |
|
.jsp |
text/html |
.js |
text/javascript |
|
.lar |
application/x-laplayer-reg |
.la1 |
audio/x-liquid-file |
|
.lavs |
audio/x-liquid-secure |
.latex |
application/x-latex |
|
.lmsff |
audio/x-la-lms |
.lbm |
application/x-lbm |
|
.ltr |
application/x-ltr |
.ls |
application/x-javascript |
|
.m2v |
video/x-mpeg |
.m1v |
video/x-mpeg |
|
.m4e |
video/mpeg4 |
.m3u |
audio/mpegurl |
|
.man |
application/x-troff-man |
.mac |
application/x-mac |
|
.mdb |
application/msaccess |
.math |
text/xml |
|
.mfp |
application/x-shockwave-flash |
.mdb |
application/x-mdb |
|
.mhtml |
message/rfc822 |
.mht |
message/rfc822 |
|
.mid |
audio/mid |
.mi |
application/x-mi |
|
.mil |
application/x-mil |
.midi |
audio/mid |
|
.mnd |
audio/x-musicnet-download |
.mml |
text/xml |
|
.mocha |
application/x-javascript |
.mns |
audio/x-musicnet-stream |
|
.mp1 |
audio/mp1 |
.movie |
video/x-sgi-movie |
|
.mp2v |
video/mpeg |
.mp2 |
audio/mp2 |
|
.mp4 |
video/mp4 |
.mp3 |
audio/mp3 |
|
.mpd |
application/vnd.ms-project |
.mpa |
video/x-mpg |
|
.mpeg |
video/mpg |
.mpe |
video/x-mpeg |
|
.mpga |
audio/rn-mpeg |
.mpg |
video/mpg |
|
.mps |
video/x-mpeg |
.mpp |
application/vnd.ms-project |
|
.mpv |
video/mpg |
.mpt |
application/vnd.ms-project |
|
.mpw |
application/vnd.ms-project |
.mpv2 |
video/mpeg |
|
.mtx |
text/xml |
.mpx |
application/vnd.ms-project |
|
.net |
image/pnetvue |
.mxp |
application/x-mmxp |
|
.nws |
message/rfc822 |
.nrf |
application/x-nrf |
|
.out |
application/x-out |
.odc |
text/x-ms-odc |
|
.p12 |
application/x-pkcs12 |
.p10 |
application/pkcs10 |
|
.p7c |
application/pkcs7-mime |
.p7b |
application/x-pkcs7-certificates |
|
.p7r |
application/x-pkcs7-certreqresp |
.p7m |
application/pkcs7-mime |
|
.pc5 |
application/x-pc5 |
.p7s |
application/pkcs7-signature |
|
.pcl |
application/x-pcl |
.pci |
application/x-pci |
|
|
application/pdf |
.pcx |
application/x-pcx |
|
.pdx |
application/vnd.adobe.pdx |
.pfx |
application/x-pkcs12 |
|
.pgl |
application/x-pgl |
.pic |
application/x-pic |
|
.pko |
application/vnd.ms-pki.pko |
.pl |
application/x-perl |
|
.plg |
text/html |
.pls |
audio/scpls |
|
.plt |
application/x-plt |
.png |
image/png |
|
.png |
application/x-png |
.pot |
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint |
|
.ppa |
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint |
.ppm |
application/x-ppm |
|
.pps |
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint |
.ppt |
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint |
|
.ppt |
application/x-ppt |
.pr |
application/x-pr |
|
.prf |
application/pics-rules |
.prn |
application/x-prn |
|
.prt |
application/x-prt |
.ps |
application/x-ps |
|
.ps |
application/postscript |
.ptn |
application/x-ptn |
|
.pwz |
application/vnd.ms-powerpoint |
.r3t |
text/vnd.rn-realtext3d |
|
.ra |
audio/vnd.rn-realaudio |
.ram |
audio/x-pn-realaudio |
|
.ras |
application/x-ras |
.rat |
application/rat-file |
|
.rdf |
text/xml |
.rec |
application/vnd.rn-recording |
|
.red |
application/x-red |
.rgb |
application/x-rgb |
|
.rjs |
application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjs |
.rjt |
application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rjt |
|
.rlc |
application/x-rlc |
.rle |
application/x-rle |
|
.rm |
application/vnd.rn-realmedia |
.rmf |
application/vnd.adobe.rmf |
|
.rmi |
audio/mid |
.rmj |
application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmj |
|
.rmm |
audio/x-pn-realaudio |
.rmp |
application/vnd.rn-rn_music_package |
|
.rms |
application/vnd.rn-realmedia-secure |
.rmvb |
application/vnd.rn-realmedia-vbr |
|
.rmx |
application/vnd.rn-realsystem-rmx |
.rnx |
application/vnd.rn-realplayer |
|
.rp |
image/vnd.rn-realpix |
.rpm |
audio/x-pn-realaudio-plugin |
|
.rsml |
application/vnd.rn-rsml |
.rt |
text/vnd.rn-realtext |
|
.rtf |
application/msword |
.rtf |
application/x-rtf |
|
.rv |
video/vnd.rn-realvideo |
.sam |
application/x-sam |
|
.sat |
application/x-sat |
.sdp |
application/sdp |
|
.sdw |
application/x-sdw |
.sit |
application/x-stuffit |
|
.slb |
application/x-slb |
.sld |
application/x-sld |
|
.slk |
drawing/x-slk |
.smi |
application/smil |
|
.smil |
application/smil |
.smk |
application/x-smk |
|
.snd |
audio/basic |
.sol |
text/plain |
|
.sor |
text/plain |
.spc |
application/x-pkcs7-certificates |
|
.spl |
application/futuresplash |
.spp |
text/xml |
|
.ssm |
application/streamingmedia |
.sst |
application/vnd.ms-pki.certstore |
|
.stl |
application/vnd.ms-pki.stl |
.stm |
text/html |
|
.sty |
application/x-sty |
.svg |
text/svg+xml |
|
.swf |
application/x-shockwave-flash |
.tdf |
application/x-tdf |
|
.tg4 |
application/x-tg4 |
.tga |
application/x-tga |
|
.tif |
image/tiff |
.tif |
application/x-tif |
|
.tiff |
image/tiff |
.tld |
text/xml |
|
.top |
drawing/x-top |
.torrent |
application/x-bittorrent |
|
.tsd |
text/xml |
.txt |
text/plain |
|
.uin |
application/x-icq |
.uls |
text/iuls |
|
.vcf |
text/x-vcard |
.vda |
application/x-vda |
|
.vdx |
application/vnd.visio |
.vml |
text/xml |
|
.vpg |
application/x-vpeg005 |
.vsd |
application/vnd.visio |
|
.vsd |
application/x-vsd |
.vss |
application/vnd.visio |
|
.vst |
application/vnd.visio |
.vst |
application/x-vst |
|
.vsw |
application/vnd.visio |
.vsx |
application/vnd.visio |
|
.vtx |
application/vnd.visio |
.vxml |
text/xml |
|
.wav |
audio/wav |
.wax |
audio/x-ms-wax |
|
.wb1 |
application/x-wb1 |
.wb2 |
application/x-wb2 |
|
.wb3 |
application/x-wb3 |
.wbmp |
image/vnd.wap.wbmp |
|
.wiz |
application/msword |
.wk3 |
application/x-wk3 |
|
.wk4 |
application/x-wk4 |
.wkq |
application/x-wkq |
|
.wks |
application/x-wks |
.wm |
video/x-ms-wm |
|
.wma |
audio/x-ms-wma |
.wmd |
application/x-ms-wmd |
|
.wmf |
application/x-wmf |
.wml |
text/vnd.wap.wml |
|
.wmv |
video/x-ms-wmv |
.wmx |
video/x-ms-wmx |
|
.wmz |
application/x-ms-wmz |
.wp6 |
application/x-wp6 |
|
.wpd |
application/x-wpd |
.wpg |
application/x-wpg |
|
.wpl |
application/vnd.ms-wpl |
.wq1 |
application/x-wq1 |
|
.wr1 |
application/x-wr1 |
.wri |
application/x-wri |
|
.wrk |
application/x-wrk |
.ws |
application/x-ws |
|
.ws2 |
application/x-ws |
.wsc |
text/scriptlet |
|
.wsdl |
text/xml |
.wvx |
video/x-ms-wvx |
|
.xdp |
application/vnd.adobe.xdp |
.xdr |
text/xml |
|
.xfd |
application/vnd.adobe.xfd |
.xfdf |
application/vnd.adobe.xfdf |
|
.xhtml |
text/html |
.xls |
application/vnd.ms-excel |
|
.xls |
application/x-xls |
.xlw |
application/x-xlw |
|
.xml |
text/xml |
.xpl |
audio/scpls |
|
.xq |
text/xml |
.xql |
text/xml |
|
.xquery |
text/xml |
.xsd |
text/xml |
|
.xsl |
text/xml |
.xslt |
text/xml |
|
.xwd |
application/x-xwd |
.x_b |
application/x-x_b |
|
.sis |
application/vnd.symbian.install |
.sisx |
application/vnd.symbian.install |
|
.x_t |
application/x-x_t |
.ipa |
application/vnd.iphone |
|
.apk |
application/vnd.android.package-archive |
.xap |
application/x-silverlight-app |
|
.zip |
application/zip |
.rar |
application/x-rar-compressed |
对象自定义元数据介绍
OBS支持用户使用以“x-obs-meta-”开头的消息头来加入自定义的元数据，以便对对象进行自定义管理。当用户获取此对象或查询此对象元数据时，加入的自定义元数据将会在返回的消息头中出现。自定义元数据大小限制为8K，计算方式为：每个键和值的UTF-8 编码中的字节总数来测量用户定义的元数据的大小。
自定义元数据的key值不区分大小写，OBS统一转为小写进行存储。value值区分大小写。
示例：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
PUT /key HTTP/1.1 Host: bucket01.obs.myhuaweicloud.com x-obs-meta-Test1: Test Meta1 HEAD /Key HTTP/1.1 Host: bucket01.obs.myhuaweicloud.com x-obs-meta-test1: Test Meta1 |
自定义元数据key-value对都必须符合US-ASCII。如果一定要使用非ASCII码或不可识别字符，需要客户端自行做编解码处理，可以采用URL编码或者Base64编码，服务端不会做解码处理。例如x-obs-meta-中文：中文 经URL编码后发送，“中文”的URL编码为：%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87，则响应为x-obs-meta-%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87: %E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87
示例：
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
PUT /key HTTP/1.1 Host: bucket01.obs.myhuaweicloud.com x-obs-meta-%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87: %E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87 HEAD /Key HTTP/1.1 Host: bucket01.obs.myhuaweicloud.com x-obs-meta-%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87: %E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87 |
使用方式
OBS支持通过控制台、API、SDK、OBS Browser+、obsutil方式配置对象自定义元数据。
|
支持的使用方式 |
参考文档 |
|---|---|
|
控制台 |
可以在上传文件时在高级配置页配置元数据，也可以对桶中已有对象配置对象元数据。 |
|
SDK |
OBS支持多种语言SDK，请从SDK概述页面选择进入对应的开发指南查阅。 |
|
API |
修改对象元数据 |
|
OBS Browser+ |
– |
|
obsutil |
上传对象 |
父主题： 其他对象管理操作
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