场景描述

华为云BMS裸金属服务器在停机状态可以切换操作系统，本文介绍以下两种切换操作系统的方式：

使用BMS Go SDK的方式切换操作系统
使用Python封装API的方式切换操作系统

切换操作系统需满足以下条件：

当前裸金属服务器状态为停止状态。
目标操作系统必须是该Region下的IMS公共镜像或者私有共享镜像。

使用BMS Go SDK的方式切换操作系统

package main

import (
	"fmt"
        "os"
	"github.com/huaweicloud/huaweicloud-sdk-go-v3/core/auth/basic"
	bms "github.com/huaweicloud/huaweicloud-sdk-go-v3/services/bms/v1"
	"github.com/huaweicloud/huaweicloud-sdk-go-v3/services/bms/v1/model"
	region "github.com/huaweicloud/huaweicloud-sdk-go-v3/services/bms/v1/region"
)

func main() {
	// 认证用的ak和sk硬编码到代码中或者明文存储都有很大的安全风险，建议在配置文件或者环境变量中密文存放，使用时解密，确保安全；
	// 本示例以ak和sk保存在环境变量中来实现身份验证为例，运行本示例前请先在本地环境中设置环境变量HUAWEICLOUD_SDK_AK和HUAWEICLOUD_SDK_SK。
	ak := os.Getenv("HUAWEICLOUD_SDK_AK")
	sk := os.Getenv("HUAWEICLOUD_SDK_SK")

	auth := basic.NewCredentialsBuilder().
		WithAk(ak).
		WithSk(sk).
		Build()

	client := bms.NewBmsClient(
		bms.BmsClientBuilder().
			WithRegion(region.ValueOf("cn-north-4")).
			WithCredential(auth).
			Build())
	keyname := "KeyPair-name"
	userdata := "aGVsbG8gd29ybGQsIHdlbGNvbWUgdG8gam9pbiB0aGUgY29uZmVyZW5jZQ=="
	request := &model.ChangeBaremetalServerOsRequest{
		ServerId: "****input your bms instance id****",
		Body: &model.OsChangeReq{
			OsChange: &model.OsChange{
				Keyname: &keyname,
				Imageid: "****input your ims image id****",
				Metadata: &model.MetadataInstall{
					UserData: &userdata,
				},
			},
		},
	}

	response, err := client.ChangeBaremetalServerOs(request)
	if err == nil {
		fmt.Printf("%+v
", response)
	} else {
		fmt.Println(err)
	}
}

Python封装API方式切换操作系统

# -*- coding: UTF-8 -*-

import requests
import json
import time
import requests.packages.urllib3.exceptions
from urllib3.exceptions import InsecureRequestWarning

requests.packages.urllib3.disable_warnings(InsecureRequestWarning)
class ServerOperation(object):

    ################################ IAM认证API#################################################

    def __init__(self, account, password, region_name, username=None, project_id=None):
        """
        :param username:  if IAM user,here is small user, else  big user
        :param account: account big  big user
        :param password: account
        :param region_name:
        """
        self.account = account
        self.username = username
        self.password = password
        self.region_name = region_name
        self.project_id = project_id
        self.ma_endpoint = "https://modelarts.{}.myhuaweicloud.com".format(region_name)
        self.service_endpoint = "https://bms.{}.myhuaweicloud.com".format(region_name)
        self.iam_endpoint = "https://iam.{}.myhuaweicloud.com".format(region_name)
        self.headers = {"Content-Type": "application/json",
                        "X-Auth-Token": self.get_project_token_by_account(self.iam_endpoint)}

    def get_project_token_by_account(self, iam_endpoint):
        body = {
            "auth": {
                "identity": {
                    "methods": [
                        "password"
                    ],
                    "password": {
                        "user": {
                            "name": self.username if self.username else self.account,
                            "password": self.password,
                            "domain": {
                                "name": self.account
                            }
                        }
                    }
                },
                "scope": {
                    "project": {
                        "name": self.region_name
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        headers = {
            "Content-Type": "application/json"
        }
        import json
        url = iam_endpoint + "/v3/auth/tokens"
        response = requests.post(url, headers=headers, data=json.dumps(body), verify=True)
        token = (response.headers['X-Subject-Token'])
        return token
    def change_os(self, server_id):
        url = "{}/v1/{}/baremetalservers/{}/changeos".format(self.service_endpoint, self.project_id, server_id)
        print(url)
        body = {
            "os-change": {
                "adminpass": "@DevServer",
                "imageid": "40d88eea-6e41-418a-ad6c-c177fe1876b8"
            }
        }
        response = requests.post(url, headers=self.headers, data=json.dumps(body), verify=False)
        print(json.dumps(response.json(), indent=1))
        return response.json()

if __name__ == '__main__':
    # 调用API前置准备，初始化认证鉴权信息
    server = ServerOperation(username="xxx",
                             account="xxx",
                             password="xxx",
                             project_id="xxx",
                             region_name="cn-north-4")

    server.change_os(server_id="0c84bb62-35bd-4e1c-ba08-a3a686bc5097")

裸金属服务器操作系统切换状态说明

切换中， 服务器状态为“切换操作系统中”。

图1 切换中服务器状态

切换后，服务器状态为“运行中”。

图2 切换后服务器状态

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